The effect of 2,4-D, thidiazuron and BAP on calli induction of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.)

Abstract

Four continents and numerous developing contries benefit economically from the annual income and jobs that coffee provides. The only polyploid species found in the genus Coffea is called Coffea arabica, and it belongs to the Rubiaceae family. In order to commercially propagate plants or to learn more about key concepts in somatic embryo induction and development, somatic embryogenesis is used. The purpose of this experiment was to compare how calli induction was impacted by several plant growth regulators in the Arabica coffee. Leaf tissues were cultivated on ½ MS medium with varying concentrations of 2,4-D and thidiazuron (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg/L) together with 1.0 mg/L BAP. Each experiment used a minimum of seven replicated abd was repeated three times using a completely random design. The varied grades of calli’s morphological examination was identified. Up to eight weeks, the proportion of calli development was measured every two weeks. Nearly sixty percent of calli formed in the medium of 1 mg/L 2,4D and 1 mg/L BAP, which had the greatest calli formation percentage. The maximum calli weight (2.086 grams) is achieved in medium of 1 mg/L 2,4-D + 1 mg/L BAP.