Assessment of Nutrient Intake for Middle Aged with and without Metabolic Syndrome Using 2005 and 2007 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey

Abstract

The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome has increased rapidly among the middle-aged and seems to be affected by socioeconomic factors, lifestyles and dietary habits. This research tries to find out the difference in dietary intake between middle-aged with and without metabolic syndrome. Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) in 2005 and 2007, this study investigated 2,382 people (normal: 1,575, disease: 807) in 2005 and 1152 people (normal: 747, disease: 405) in 2007 (between the age of 40 and 64). Analysis was performed to discover the difference in nutrient intakes between people with and without metabolic syndrome. Also differences among people with various socioeconomic factors (such as age, education level, and income level), which can affect nutrient intake, were analyzed. In the nutrient intake people with metabolic syndrome has lower intake in most of nutrients than those of normal group, except carbohydrate. In 2007, normal group had higher intake in most nutrients, except for carbohydrate, sodium, potassium and vitamin A. Carbohydrate: protein: fat (C: P: F) ratio for metabolic syndrome group showed higher rate for carbohydrate, than normal group, in 2005, and 2007. Overall, the higher age and income level, the more carbohydrate intake rate is increase in metabolic syndrome group. The Quality of each nutrient intake was assessed using NAR (Nu-trient adequacy ratio) and MAR (Mean adequacy ratio). According to the MAR, there was significant difference in 2005, 0.83 for normal group and 0.81 for metabolic syndrome group but there wasn't any in 2007 (0.81 for normal group, 0.82 for metabolic syndrome group). By NAR, in 2005, all nutrient except phosphorus, iron, vitamin A for Normal group higher then those of metabolic syndrome group (p < 0.05). In 2007 intake of metabolic syndrome group were higher then those normal group in most of nutrient by NAR. For age, education and income, MAR for normal group is higher then that of metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, Quality of nutrient intake in normal group is better then in metabolic syndrome group. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor dietary of intake people with metabolic syndrome, and necessary measures should be taken. (Korean J Nutr 2010 ; 43(1) : 69 ~ 78) KEY WORDS: metabolic syndrome, nutrient intake, age, education, income. 서 론 현재 우리나라는 급속한 사회 경제적 발전으로 생활수준이 향상되고 생활양식과 식생활이 변화하였다. 그러나 동시에 과 거 감염성 질환에서 현재 만성퇴행성질환으로 인한 사망률이 증가하는 추세로 질병의 구조가 변화하였다. 통계청에서 발 표한 2008년 사망원인통계결과에 따르면 암 28.0%, 뇌혈 관질환 11.3%, 심장질환 8.7%, 당뇨병 4.2% 순이었다. 1) 또한 2005년 국민건강영양조사에 따르면 비만 31.8%, 고 혈압 27.9%, 고콜레스테롤혈증 8.2%, 당뇨병 8.1%순으로 유병률이 높게 나타났다. 2) 이러한 당뇨, 비만, 고혈압, 고콜 레스테롤 등은 한사람에게서 복합적으로 발생하며 그로 인 해 심혈관질환의 위험이 높아진다는 것을 1988년 Reaven 등이 처음 밝혀내었으며, 현재는 이를 대사증후군 (Metabolic