The impact of climate change and variability on livestock production in pastoral communities and the sustainable coping mechanisms employed: A critical literature review

Abstract

Purpose: Global climate change is a major threat facing humanity. The livestock production sector as a livelihood option is one key sector which will bore the brunt of these changes in climatic conditions. This paper aims to identify the impact of climate change and variability on livestock production among pastoral communities and the coping mechanisms adopted. Methodology: This paper adopted a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main the themes. Findings: The changes in these parameters (reducing rainfall and increasing temperature) have conspired to have negatively impacted on pasture quality and availability thus reducing livestock production in the area. Some of the coping mechanisms employed include seeking food relief, buying food on credit payable after droughts and selling herds, diversification of livestock species, increased mobility of livestock herd, seeking casual employment around the trading centers and engaging in petty trade. Recommendations: Creating awareness on the changing parameters of weather is necessary in providing the communities with relevant information to prepare and develop sustainable coping mechanisms.