Diversity and Activity Pattern of Terrestrial Mammal Species in Serra do Amolar, Brazilian Pantanal

Abstract

Serra do Amolar, a mountainous and isolated region located in the Brazilian Pantanal, is a priority area for biodiversity conservation. This sparsely populated and inaccessible area is poorly studied and lacks basic information such as species inventories as well as essential knowledge to develop conservation strategies. We aimed to update the occurrence records of mammal species and evaluate the activity patterns of a subset of species. We installed camera traps in four primary sampling periods between 2019 and 2022. We recorded 29 mammals over 9060 trap‐nights, including two endangered species. We recorded three species of rodents in the area for the first time: Cavia aperea , Cuniculus paca , and Holochilus chacarius . Seven species previously registered in the area were not documented in this survey, possibly because of extreme drought and fires that occurred during collection. This study emphasizes the importance of long‐term faunal surveys to support ongoing conservation strategies in Serra do Amolar. 阿莫拉尔山脉地处巴西潘塔纳尔湿地, 是一片多山且被隔离的区域, 同时也是生物多样性保护的重点区域。该区域人口稀少、交通不便, 相关研究匮乏, 既缺少物种名录等基础信息, 也缺乏制定保护策略所需的关键知识。本研究旨在更新哺乳动物物种的分布记录, 并评估部分物种的活动模式。2019 年至 2022 年间, 我们在4个主要采样期布设了相机陷阱。在 9060 个陷阱日的监测中, 共记录到 29 种哺乳动物, 其中包括2种濒危物种。本次研究首次在该区域记录到3种啮齿类动物, 分别是豚鼠 ( Cavia aperea ) 、刺豚鼠 ( Cuniculus paca ) 和查科水鼠 ( Holochilus chacarius ) 。此外, 有7种曾在该区域被记录过的物种未在本次调查中出现, 这可能与调查期间发生的极端干旱和火灾有关。本研究强调, 长期开展动物区系调查对于支持阿莫拉尔山脉现行的保护策略具有重要意义。 Practitioner Points Serra do Amolar, a biodiversity hotspot, is rocky formation that lacks information on its biodiversity. We record three new species of rodents for the region. First description of activity pattern for Philander canus.