Factors Affecting Pharmacist’s Performance Based on Motivation Theory: A Systematic Review

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Determine factors that affect the performance of pharmacist based on motivation theory. METHOD: A systematic review was conducted to explore that affect factors an employee's performance, especially a pharmacist. Electronic databases used to identify relevant studies to the affecting factors such performance were Science Direct, PUBMED, UGM Library (Dissertation) and Google Scholar. The search terms used are “pharmacist performance”, “performance-affecting factors for pharmacist”, “pharmacist performance optimization”, and “performance motivation”. This study was limited to English and Indonesian language only and publication years from 2000 to 2016. Electronic search database found 50 articles while only six studies meet the eligibility criteria to serve as the basis for determining the performance of the pharmacist. RESULTS: Pharmacist performance was influenced by five factors: organization and environment, social order, resources owned, pharmacist characteristics, and regulation. These five variables are considered by the Alderfer ERG theory of Existence, Relatedness, and Growth. CONCLUSION: Performance for pharmacists should be emphasized with systemic supports for pharmaceutical practice changes to succeed on a wide scale and devote to producing a good performance.