An Overview of Enabling Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Conversion Aiming at the Two-carbon Target

Abstract

The conversion of carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals using suitable catalysts effectively mitigates the greenhouse effect. Efficient, selective, and economical conversion of CO2 into high-value products under mild conditions and in large-scale industrial applications remains a great challenge. Over the past decade, research on CO2 conversion catalysts has gradually increased. Several researchers have published reviews on CO2 conversion catalyst research, which are generally developed from the perspective of a particular catalyst material or the reactions that occur with CO2. To provide a more comprehensive overview of the recent progress of CO2 conversion catalyst research, this paper summarizes the research results of each type of catalyst by classifying them according to the materials used in CO2 conversion. The catalysts covered include ionic liquids, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, metal-based materials, porous organic polymers, nanocatalysts, metal-free green catalysts, and catalysts of other materials. In addition, this review presents the problems faced by carbon dioxide conversion catalysts and future research directions.