Analysis of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in University Education: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Frequent changes in university education have been structurally disrupted by the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI), through the use and application by students and professors in the teaching-learning process. The objective was to analyze and interpret the results of artificial intelligence in university education and assess its contributions in the period from 2019 to 2023. The method was applied systematic and bibliometric review to answer the specific research questions, using clear, systematic and replicable search methods; a universe of 917 publications indexed in Scopus, WoS and PubMed was accessed and a sample of 59 scientific articles was selected. The results indicate that most of the publications have been made in China, followed by Spain and the United States; there is also scarce collaboration among researchers, dispersion in specific topics and isolation in small networks. In universities, there is evidence of the application of artificial intelligence tools, in their correct use for the development of deep learning with the activation of higher cognitive processes in students, who require the pedagogical guidance of teachers trained in this subject.