Comparison of periodontal parameters and metabolic glucose levels in patients with diabetes and healthy subjects

Abstract

Received: November 2016, Accepted: December 2016 Background: For decades,it was suspected that diabetes contributed to poorer oral health and theincreased frequency of periodontitis. More recently it was found thatperiodontitis could adversely affect glycemic control in diabetics. Theaim of this study was to compare periodontal parameters with the metabolicsugar levels of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Materials andMethods: In this cross-sectional study the experimental group wereindividuals with the diagnosis of diabetes. The control group consisted ofhealthy individuals without any systemic condition that affectedperiodontal status. Periodontal parameters, body mass index, HbA1c leveland duration of diabetes were measured and recorded. Data were analyzedusing Pearson\textquoterights correlation coefficient andSpearman\textquoterights correlation coefficient in a bivariate normaldistribution. Results: Patients with diabetes had worse periodontal statuscompared with control group. On the other hand, both patients withdiabetes type 1 and 2 showed higher plaque index, bleeding index andclinical attachment loss compared with healthy control group. There was nomeaningful relation between HbA1c and periodontal indices. In type 2diabetic individuals, there was a significant correlation between thenumber of missing teeth and the duration of their illness. Conclusions:Based on the evaluated parameters in this study, the experimental groups,(type 1 and 2 diabetics), experienced worse conditions than healthycontrol individuals with respect to their periodontal status.Deterioration of periodontal status is directly related to diabetesprogression.