Comparative analysis of long-term biofilm formation on metal and ceramic brackets

Abstract

Objective: To test the null hypothesis that stainless steel and ceramic brackets show no differences in biofilm adhesion. Materials and Methods: Twenty adolescents (6 boys, 14 girls) who had received fixed orthodontic therapy for 18.9 ± 3.2 months were divided into a metal and a ceramic bracket group. Thirty brackets per group were taken from central incisors, canines, and second premolars and quantitatively analyzed for biofilm coverage with the Rutherford backscattering detection method. Five micrographs were obtained per bracket with views from the buccal, mesial, distal, gingival, and occlusal aspects, resulting in a total of 300 images. Biofilm formation between groups was compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test (α 5.05). Results: Total biofilm formation was 12.5% ± 5.7% (3.3 ± 1.6 mm 2) of the surface on metal and 5.6% ± 2.4% (1.5 ± 0.6 mm 2) on ceramic brackets. Differences between groups were statistically significant (P