Business value of IT for small and medium enterprises during COVID-19: a systematic literature review

Abstract

The article addresses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), focusing on the Information Technology (IT) investments made by these companies between 2020 and 2023. The health crisis generated significant economic effects, particularly in emerging economies, exacerbating pre-existing economic fragility and inequality. The study seeks to identify, through a systematic review of the literature, the investments, contributions, and uses of IT by SMEs located in Latin American, Asian, and European countries during the aforementioned period. It is concluded that, during COVID-19, IT investments in SMEs were not only a response to crises, but also a strategic source of resilience and financial stability. IT investment was highlighted as essential for innovation, digital transformation, and business continuity. Although low employee digital skills persist, the trend towards IT investment is positive, allowing SMEs to take advantage of technological and governmental opportunities to face the challenging economic context.