Multiple Intracellular Routes in the Cross-Presentation of a Soluble Protein by Murine Dendritic Cells

Abstract

Soluble heat shock fusion proteins (Hsfp) stimulate mice to produce CD8+ CTL, indicating that these proteins are cross-presented by dendritic cells (DC) to naive CD8 T cells. We report that cross-presentation of these proteins depends upon their binding to DC receptors, likely belonging to the scavenger receptor superfamily. Hsfp entered DC by receptor-mediated endocytosis that was either inhibitable by cytochalasin D or not inhibitable, depending upon aggregation state and time. Most endocytosed Hsfp was transported to lysosomes, but not the small cross-presented fraction that exited early from the endocytic pathway and required access to proteasomes and TAP. Naive CD8 T cell (2C and OT-I) responses to DC incubated with Hsfp at 1 μM were matched by incubating DC with cognate octapeptides at 1–10 pM, indicating that display of very few class I MHC-peptide complexes per DC can be sufficient for cross-presentation. With an Hsfp (heat shock protein-OVA) having peptide sequences for both CD4+ (OT-II) and CD8+ (OT-I) cells, the CD4 cells responded far more vigorously than the CD8 cells and many more class II MHC-peptide than class I MHC-peptide complexes were displayed.