The Dilemma of Human Cloning in Islamic Theology: A Critique of the Uniqueness of Human Creation and Implications for Maqashid al-Shariah

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the ethical and theological dilemmas of human cloning within the context of Islamic theology, with a particular focus on the challenges it poses to the principles of Maqashid al-Shariah. With increasing advancements in cloning technology, this research becomes crucial to identify the ethical and spiritual implications of creating genetically identical life forms. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach with an in-depth case study, exploring primary sources such as the Quran, Hadith, and exegesis, as well as related academic literature on bioethics in Islam. Data was collected through extensive literature review and analysed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model that focuses on data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that human cloning raises serious questions about the uniqueness of human creation, life integrity, and genetic diversity, all key elements in Maqashid al-Shariah. It was also found that cloning challenges the exclusive boundaries of divine creation, potentially diminishing the sanctity and uniqueness of the created individual. The discussion in this study underscores the conflict between technological advancements and the ethical values held in Islam, highlighting the need for dialogue between scientists, policymakers, and the religious community. The recommendation from this study is the need for a policy framework that considers the principles of ethical sustainability in cloning technology to maintain a balance between technological benefits and the protection of religious values and ethics.