Characteristics of the efficiency of actions of top-level goalkeepers in soccer

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to present the characteristics of the action efficiency in elite goalkeepers. Material and Methods: 54 observations of 25 goalkeepers participating in 27 matches of the World and European Championships, Africa Cup of Nations and Copa America held in years 2014–2019 were included. The study applied a method of observation. Game data were registered on a self-developed observation sheet. Goalkeepers’ activity, effectiveness, and reliability with a view to implementing the objectives of the game were analyzed in offense and in defense. Results: The current study results demonstrated that offensive actions constitute 62% and defensive 38% of all actions taken in matches. Actions aimed at positioning the game and preventing a loss of a goal (60% and 22% respectively) dominated. In offensive game, goalkeepers showed the highest reliability in positioning the game by passing the ball with the foot, while in defense in preventing the loss of a goal by catching the ball. Conclusion: The created models mapping the top-skilled goal-keepers’ actions allow improving the process of coaching by referring their game to objective pat-terns.