Primary congenital glaucoma: An updated review

Abstract

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a rare disease affecting children early in life. PCG was considered untreatable with inevitable blindness. However, recent advances in biochemical and genetic studies, the introduction of new diagnostic tools, intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medications and improvement of surgical techniques have led to a better understanding of this devastating disease and preserving the vision of affected children. This paper presents an updated and broad overview of PCG in terms of the epidemiology and genetic aspects, particularly in Saudi Arabia, the clinical presentation and diagnostic approach to PCG with major emphasis on the treatment options.