Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: New Diagnostics and Treatment Perspectives

Abstract

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most significant chronic complications in people with diabetes. It is a highly heterogeneous condition that affects various parts of the nervous system and presents with a wide range of symptoms. Early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy is possible if regular screening for this complication is conducted using modern diagnostic methods. Every diabetes clinic should perform annual screening for DPN to identify the risk of diabetic foot disease using a monofilament and tuning fork (or biothesiometer). The treatment of diabetic neuropathy remains limited, as studies on causal therapy have shown conflicting results. In most cases, treatment is restricted to achieving optimal glucose control, symptomatic therapy and the management of the painful form of diabetic neuropathy. Ultimately prevention of complications secondary to neuropathy is paramount and it can lead to foot ulcerations, deformities and amputations. Diabetic neuropathy represents a major health challenge for individuals with diabetes, necessitating ongoing research and public health initiatives aimed at improving screening, prevention and treatment strategies.