Determination of Logistics Distribution Centers: A Combination of Spatial Analysis and Analytical Hierarchy Process

Abstract

The strategic siting of logistics distribution centers, particularly within the medical sector, has increasingly emerged as a crucial consideration in optimizing the supply chain. This study focuses on identifying the most advantageous location for a new logistics distribution center in Aceh Province, leveraging the integration of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information systems (GIS) overlay techniques. Parameters were weighted using AHP, and spatial analysis facilitated the classification of zones into three suitability categories: low, moderate, and high. It was determined that the optimal location for the establishment of a new center would be within a high suitability zone. Six potential sites, designated as Locations A through F, were initially identified. Subsequent evaluation, which included considerations of access road availability and the capacity to uniformly service all health-related warehouses, led to the selection of Location C as the most ideal. This selection underscores the importance of comprehensive spatial and hierarchical analysis in the decision-making process for logistics operations, ensuring effective distribution networks within critical sectors such as healthcare.