Detection of progressive macular thickness loss using optical coherence tomography in glaucoma suspect and glaucomatous eyes

Abstract

Aims: To examine the rate of macular thickness loss using time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in functionally progressing versus non-progressing eyes, determined by standard automated perimetry (SAP). Methods: Glaucoma suspects (GS) and glaucomatous (G) eyes underwent SAP and OCT imaging every 6 months. Functional progression was determined using pointwise linear regression, defined as 2 contiguous locations losing ≥1.0 dB/year at P<1.0% in the same hemifield. The annual rate of macular thickness loss was calculated from inner and outer regions of the macular map. Results: 72 eyes (43 GS and 29G) with ≥30 months of follow-up were enroled. Fourteen eyes demonstrated SAP progression. The annual rate of macular thickness loss (μm/year) in progressing eyes was faster (all P<0.05) than non-progressing eyes in temporal outer (-1.90±2.97 vs 0.33±2.77), nasal inner (-1.70±2.66 vs 0.14±2.76), superior inner (-2.15±4.57 vs 0.51±2.99), temporal inner quadrants (-2.58±5.05 vs -0.38±2.34), and the average of inner macular quadrants (-1.84±2.90 vs 0.03±2.10). The rate of loss in the nasal inner (P=0.02) and temporal outer (P=0.02) macular regions was associated with optic disc haemorrhage. Conclusions: Eyes with SAP progression have significantly greater rates of macular thickness loss consistent with glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell atrophy, as compared with non-progressing eyes. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.