90 versus 60 min of early skin-to-skin contact on exclusive breastfeeding rate in healthy infants' ≥35 weeks: A randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Aim: To compare the effect of 90 versus 60 min of early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) among vaginally born healthy infants ≥35 weeks of gestation on their exclusive breastfeeding rates and breastfeeding behaviour. Methods: This parallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled trial enrolled healthy term and late preterm infants born vaginally. Infants in the intervention group received early SSC for 90 min compared to 60 min in the control group. The primary outcome was the proportion of infants on exclusive breastfeeding at 60 ± 12 h. Results: One hundred ninety-eight mother–infant dyads were randomised (99 in each group). The infants in the 90-min SSC group were more likely to be exclusively breastfed at 60 ± 12 h as compared to the 60-min SSC group (RR, 95% CI-1.44, [1.15–1.79], p < 0.01). The modified infant breastfeeding assessment tool score at 60 ± 12 h was significantly higher in the 90-min SSC group (median [IQR]-9, [8, 10] versus 8 [7, 10], p = 0.03]. The proportion of infants on exclusive breastfeeding at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age was also significantly higher in the 90-min SSC group (RR, 95% CI-1.39 [1.11–1.74], 1.36 [1.08–1.07], and 1.38 [1.08–1.75], respectively). Conclusion: Increasing the duration of early SSC showed a dose–response benefit on exclusive breastfeeding rates and breastfeeding behaviour. Trial registration: CTRI/2018/09/015632, registered on 06/09/2018.