Synthesis and characterization of new 1,2,4-triazole anticancer scaffold derivatives: In vitro study

Abstract

Four Schiff bases were obtained via one direct click reaction between 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole and different substituted benzaldehyde. The synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of their spectral data including IR spectra, mass spectroscopy and 1HNMR. The synthesized compounds were tested against three human cancer cell lines to evaluate their in vitro anticancer activity, and also tested on Vero cells extracted from African green monkey kidney to investigate their side effect. The screening showed that the Schiff bases TB-NO2 and TB-OCH3 produced an effective anticancer activity against HEPG2, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cell lines. Further investigations had been conducted to determine the apoptotic and antifibrotic ability of TB-NO2 and TB-OCH3 on MCF-7 cells by determining the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, CTGF, and PDGF. Results of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio for TB-NO2 and TB-OCH3 confirmed the apoptotic effect of these compounds on MCF-7 cells. The reduction in CTGF and PDGF genes expression confirmed the regulatory effect of these compounds on MCF-7 cells growth.