Ensuring Iodine Adequacy in Pregnant and Lactating Vegan Women

Abstract

As a component of thyroid hormones, iodine is essential for brain development in the fetus and in young children. Some evidence suggests that pregnant and lactating women who consume a vegan diet may be at risk for iodine deficiency. Iodine sources for vegans include supplements, iodized salt, and seaweed. However, because the iodine content of seaweed is variable, with some types providing amounts that may lead to excessive intake, recommendations for consumption of these foods during pregnancy and breastfeeding should be specific regarding types and amounts. Pregnant and lactating women who choose a vegan diet should include a supplement of potassium iodide in their diet and should follow advice about the types of seaweed to avoid or limit.