Sustainable waste valorization: harnessing beta-carotene from fruit and vegetable peels

Abstract

This study investigates the beta-carotene content of commonly discarded fruit and vegetable peels, with the aim of evaluating their potential as sustainable sources of provitamin A. β-carotene, a key antioxidant and precursor of vitamin A, plays a critical role in supporting immune function, vision, and skin health. Peels from various plant sources were collected and subjected to solvent extraction followed by spectrophotometric quantification. The results revealed a significant variation in β-carotene levels, with papaya peels exhibiting the highest concentration (9 mg/100 g), followed by musk melon (3 mg/100 g), while minimal levels were observed in red radish (0.009 mg/100 g). These findings highlight the value of food waste as a viable strategy to support functional foods, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals. By repurposing nutrient-rich peels, this approach contributes to sustainable development goals and aligns with the principles of the circular economy in the food-processing sector.