Endoluminal MR-guided ultrasonic applicator embedding cylindrical phased-Array transducers and opposed-solenoid detection coil

Abstract

Purpose: MR-guided high-intensity contact ultrasound (HICU) was suggested as an alternative therapy for esophageal and rectal cancer. To offer high-quality MR guidance, two prototypes of receive-only opposed-solenoid coil were integrated with 64-element cylindrical phased-Array ultrasound transducers (rectal/esophageal). Methods: The design of integrated coils took into account the transducer geometry (360° acoustic window within endoluminal space). The rectal coil was sealed on a plastic support and placed reversibly on the transducer head. The esophageal coil was fully embedded within the transducer head, resulting in one indivisible device. Comparison of integrated versus external coils was performed on a clinical 1.5T scanner. Results: The integrated coils showed higher sensitivity compared with the standard extracorporeal coil with factors of up to 7.5 (rectal applicator) and 3.3 (esophageal applicator). Highresolution MR images for both anatomy (voxel 0.4 ± 0.4 ± 5 mm3) and thermometry (voxel 0.75 ± 0.75 ± 8 mm3, 2 s/image) were acquired in vivo with the rectal endoscopic device. The temperature feedback loop accurately controlled multiple control points over the region of interest. Conclusion: This study showed significant improvement of MR data quality using endoluminal integrated coils versus standard external coil. Inframillimeter spatial resolution and accurate feedback control of MR-guided HICU thermotherapy were achieved.