Struktur dan Konsistensi Sikap Makanan Terubah Suai Genetik Pengguna Muslim: Cadangan Kerangka Konseptual

Abstract

ABSTRAK Hasil inovasi bioteknologi telah merubah amalan pengeluaran dan produk makanan global yang kini mula memanfaatkan kaedah kejuruteraan genetik untuk menghasilkan produk makanan terubah suai genetik (GMF). Namun, manfaat pengeluaran dan penjualan produk GMF sering diperdebatkan dalam kalangan pemegang taruh. Isu berkaitan keselamatan, kesihatan, moral, agama, dan alam sekitar terus mengundang polemik. Senario ini sebenarnya turut memberikan implikasi kepada pengguna Muslim kerana mereka turut terlibat sebagai pengguna produk makanan. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian sikap GMF lebih tertumpu kepada perspektif pengguna Barat yang majoritinya adalah pengguna non-Muslim. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyumbang literatur kajian sikap GMF daripada perspektif pengguna Muslim dengan mengemukakan cadangan kerangka konseptual berkenaan struktur dan konsistensi sikap GMF. Lapan usul kajian dikemukakan bagi mengukur kerangka konseptual dan perbincangan berkaitan potensi kajian akan turut diperincikan. Kata kunci: Sikap pengguna muslim; pemasaran GMF; organisma terubah suai genetik (GMO), nilai ABSTRACT Recent development in genetic engineering application has led to a new biotechnological innovation contributing to a global change in food manufacturing practices and development of product known as genetically modified food (GMF). However, debates on benefits of commercialization of GMF products are inconclusive. Issues such as consumers’ safety and health, moral, religion, and environment are among the most controversial issues debated. As Muslims also consume the foods, issues on GMF are indeed a concern to be pondered on. Studies on attitude toward GMF have been mainly focused on the perspective of Western consumers, majority of who are non-Muslim consumers. Hence, this research attempts to provide on the study of attitude towards GMF from Muslim consumers’ perspective by proposing a conceptual framework on structure and consistency of attitude towards GMF. Eight research propositions are recommended in evaluating the conceptual framework and discussions on research potential are also further explained. Keywords: Attitude of Muslim consumers; GMF commercialization; genetically modification organism (GMO), value