Biodiversity of Chordata (Mammalia) in Mexico

Abstract

Mammals constitute one of the most conspicuous groups of terrestrial vertebrates showing internal and external characteristics that have allowed them to be successful in virtually all ecosystems worldwide. The objective of this revision is to update the current knowledge of mammals occurring in Mexico. In Mexico mammals constitute a highly diverse group, ranking third worldwide with 564 species, representing close to 10% of the total mammal fauna. The description of mammals in Mexico has been uneven through time; a significant increase occurred from 1700 to 1950. Mammals are distributed nationwide; a total of 77% of species are less than 5 kg, belonging to the Orders Rodentia, Chiroptera and Soricomorpha. Population trends are poorly documented in most species, but it is likely that populations have been negatively affected by human activities. We conclude that despite mammals are a well-studied group compared with other vertebrates, they continue to offer interesting theoretical insights and challenges for their conservation and sustainable use.