The performance of modified jatropha oil as a sustainable metalworking fluid when high speed rotary machining

Abstract

Metalworking fluid (MWF) provides a protection layer that reduces the friction and wear between the contact surfaces during machining operation. Commonly, MWFs are derived from petroleum-based oil. However, petroleum contains of toxic materials and its poor biodegradability that leads to a long-term pollution of the environment. Due to that issue, it seems that vegetable oil is the suitable replacements of the petroleum based oils. In this study, different compositions of modified jatropha oils (MJOs) were refined and used as the MWF in the driven rotary cutting process. The refined lubricants namely MJO1, MJO3 and MJ05 consisted several of properties. They were compared with the crude jatropha oil (CJO) and synthetic ester (SE). The results indicated that the MJOs exhibit better machining performance in terms of tool wear, machined surface quality and chip formation compared to SE. MJ05 with high viscosity outperformed other MJOs during the machining process. MJ05 produces a thin film that can withstand at high temperature and reduces the tool wear. It shows that MJ05 is a perfect candidate to replace SE as a sustainable machining lubricant.