Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Evaluation of Barleria Prionitis

Abstract

The Barleria prionitis Lin. (Acanthaceae), known as Vajradanti & Porcupine flower, is widely used in Indian traditional medicine It is widely distributed throughout Africa, India, Sri Lanka and tropical Asia. The aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacognostical and phytochemical parameters of leaves and roots of B. prionitis L. (Acantheceae). The leaf has antiseptic properties, its decoction is used for febrile catarrh, mouth wash to relief toothache and as a paste it is applied over boils & glandular swellings. The extract of root has been observed to have 100% antifertility activity and the extract of plant, due to its antiseptic properties is incorporated into herbal cosmetics and hair products to promote skin and scalp health The present study included macroscopical, microscopical, physiochemical, phytochemical, fluorescence analysis and HPTLC methods for standardization as recommended by WHO. Fresh leaves and shade-dried roots were taken for morphological studies. Free hand sections from freshly collected leaves and preserved root materials were prepared for microscopical studies. Total ash value, acid insoluble ash value, water-soluble ash value, water soluble, ethanol soluble and ether soluble extractive values were determined. Loss on drying, study of foreign organic matter, limit tests of Arsenic and Heavy Metals was carried out. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoides, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, glycosides, tannins and phenols. The present study and its findings would serve as an important source of information helpful in establishing the identity, purity and efficacy of the plant and provide an efficient and inexpensive medicine to the society for future applications.