Risk Factors Associated with Dizziness and Somnolence in Hospitalized Patients Receiving Pregabalin

  • Watanabe M
  • Mita K
  • Nakamura H
  • et al.
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Abstract

726 緒 言 神経障害性疼痛は,オピオイドや非ステロイド 性抗炎症薬に対し奏功しにくく治療に難渋するた め,患者の生活の質( quality of life: QOL )を著 しく低下させる.プレガバリンは急性痛への効果 は非常に弱いが,神経障害性疼痛に対しては有効 性が高くペインクリニック学会では第一選択薬と なっている. 1) 本邦において, リリカ ® カプセルが, 2010 年 4 月に帯状疱疹後神経痛を,現在は神経 * 〒202-8585 東京都西東京市新町1-1-20 医療薬学 40(12) 726―733 (2014) プレガバリン投与後に発現するめまい および傾眠のリスク因子の検討 渡邊美智留 *1 ,三田恭平 2 ,中村春世 1 ,田中恒明 2 ,三原 潔 1 ,小野秀樹 1 武蔵野大学 薬学部 臨床薬学センター 1 ,大和市立病院 薬剤科 Pregabalin, a useful drug for neuropathic pain, has a high incidence of dizziness and somnolence as side effects. In the present study, the incidence of both side effects and the risk factors were retrospectively investigated in hospitalized patients who were administered pregabalin after their admission. In 65 patients (median 68 years old), 34 cancer patients and 18 opioid users were included. Items studied were cancer/non-cancer, opioid user/non-user, fall/non-fall, age, sex, weight, daily dose of opioids, the number of the drugs that may cause dizziness and somnolence, daily dose of pregabalin, and the ratio of creatinine clearance to daily dose of pregabalin. Fourteen (21.5%) and 21 (23.3%) patients developed dizziness and somnolence, respectively, and 4 (6.1%) patients developed fall. In the case of opioid combination, 7 (38.9%) and 10 (55.6%) patients developed dizziness and somnolence, respectively. A logistic-regression analysis showed that opioid use is a significant augmenting risk factor for dizziness (P = 0.026) and somnolence (P = 0.016) of pregabalin. The ratios of daily dose of pregabalin to creatinine clearance did not show any relation to the incidence of dizziness and somnolence; both side effects were observed in some patients whose renal functions were normal. It is suggested that attention is necessary to the incidence of dizziness and somnolence regardless of renal function, and that particular attention is required when opioids, which have similar side effects, are combined with pregabalin. 一 般 論 文 障害性疼痛,さらに線維筋痛症に伴う疼痛を適応 として承認され,癌性疼痛の緩和治療に対しても 単独あるはオピオイドと併用されている.プレガ バリンは,Ca 2+ チャネルの α2 δ サブユニットに結 合して,Ca 2+ チャネルの機能を抑制して痛みの伝 達を抑制する. 2) さらに,ノルアドレナリン作動 性の下行性疼痛抑制系を賦活することが明らかに なっている. 3) 一方,プレガバリンには,平衡障害( balance d i s o r d e r ) , 陶 酔 ( e u p h o r i a ) , 協 調 運 動 障 害

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Watanabe, M., Mita, K., Nakamura, H., Tanaka, T., Mihara, K., & Ono, H. (2014). Risk Factors Associated with Dizziness and Somnolence in Hospitalized Patients Receiving Pregabalin. Iryo Yakugaku (Japanese Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences), 40(12), 726–733. https://doi.org/10.5649/jjphcs.40.726

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