Scientific openness: The process of ressignification from the Open Access and Open Science

Abstract

This article discusses the etymology of the concept of openness within the scientific field from the open access movement and the open science movement. It deals with scientific openness based on open publication, which builds a new document model based on digital culture and other modes of sharing, peer review and more effective participation by society. It presents the change in the etymological concept of accountability in science and how it contributes to citizen governance. It debates the question of the impact of openness on the public responsibility of science, how it expands social autonomy in science education and the consolidation of other models of evaluation and validation of science. The applied methodology consists of bibliographic research in the main scientific databases with a temporal cut between the years 2002 and 2020 from the main terms present in the literature on open access and open science that allowed the evolutionary conceptual analysis of the terms studied. It is concluded that a “new social contract for science” is being built, based on the opening of scientific processes, enabling the dissemination of scientific innovations, and underlying data and developing practices that equalize the knowledge of non-scientists with that of scientists.