[Adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs].

Abstract

Adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs are classified into idiosyncratic adverse effects, pharmacology-related adverse effects and biological effect after modification of seizure frequencies. Pharmacology-related adverse effects include those by administered AED and those by mutual interactions. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, one of the idiosyncratic adverse effects, may be predicted by the intrinsic HLA type (e.g., A*31:01 for CBZ). In epileptic patients after acute encephalitis, cutaneous adverse reactions usually occur in a month after encephalitis, but some patients will tolerate the causative AED by the extremely slow re-introduction. Prevention of pharmacology-related adverse effects needs therapeutic drug monitoring, and slow introduction considering dose-response curves for AEDs. Genotype examination of CYP2C9 and 2C19 can contribute to the safe introduction of PHT.