A Synthetic Pseudo-Rh: NO x Reduction Activity and Electronic Structure of Pd-Ru Solid-solution Alloy Nanoparticles

Abstract

Rh is one of the most important noble metals for industrial applications. A major fraction of Rh is used as a catalyst for emission control in automotive catalytic converters because of its unparalleled activity toward NO x reduction. However, Rh is a rare and extremely expensive element; thus, the development of Rh alternative composed of abundant elements is desirable. Pd and Ru are located at the right and left of Rh in the periodic table, respectively, nevertheless this combination of elements is immiscible in the bulk state. Here, we report a Pd-Ru solid-solution-alloy nanoparticle (Pd x Ru 1-x NP) catalyst exhibiting better NO x reduction activity than Rh. Theoretical calculations show that the electronic structure of Pd 0.5 Ru 0.5 is similar to that of Rh, indicating that Pd 0.5 Ru 0.5 can be regarded as a pseudo-Rh. Pd 0.5 Ru 0.5 exhibits better activity than natural Rh, which implies promising applications not only for exhaust-gas cleaning but also for various chemical reactions.