Recent population changes in HbA1c and fasting insulin concentrations among US adults with preserved glucose homeostasis

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis: Although diagnosed type 2 diabetes has increased in the past decade, little is known about accompanying changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c and fasting serum insulin (FI) levels in the non-diabetic population. Methods: Using population estimates from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we compared distribution of FPG, HbA1c and FI in non-diabetic US persons who were ≥ 20 years old in 1999 to 2006 with that in persons of the same age in 1988 to 1994. Results: Age-, sex- and race-adjusted mean FPG levels between the two study periods did not change, but mean HbA1c and FI levels increased (0.10% and 4.8 pmol/l, respectively; p∈