Prevalencia y carga parasitaria mensual de nematodos gastrointestinales y Fasciola hepatica en bovinos lecheros de dos distritos del Valle del Mantaro, Junín, Perú

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and monthly parasitic load of gastrointestinal nematodesand Fasciola hepatica in dairy cattle of the districts Nueve de Julio and Matahuasi el Mantaro Valley (Junín, Peru), as well as the epidemiological factors associated with these parasitosis. Monthly faecal samples were collected from 11 dairy farms in each district for one year. The samples were analysed with the modified Dennis technique for the detection and counting of F. hepatica eggs and the modified McMaster technique for nematode eggs. The mixed logistic regression test was used to evaluate the variables district, time of year, feeding system, age, temperature, rainfall and humidity as possible risk factors. The average monthly prevalence in Matahuasi and Nine of July for gastrointestinal nematodes was 24.5 and 30.3%, with monthly loads of 118 and 87 hpg, and for F. hepatica of 69.8 and 46.6%, with monthly loads of 8 and 3 hpg, respectively. The results indicate that gastrointestinal nematodiasis and hepatic fasciolosis are endemic in the area. The presence of nematodes is significantly associated with the increase in temperature and age, with calves being the most susceptible population, while fascioliasis is related to the increase in temperature and precipitation, as well as the time of the year, being significantly greater in the dry season. Likewise, a significant relationship was found between the presence of F. hepatica and the district of origin, the risk of infection being significantly higher in Matahuasi.