Evaluation of the efficient propagation of Rhizophagus intraradices and its inoculation effects on rice

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a key group of fungi closely associated with agricultural production within soil microbial communities. However, large-scale propagation of AMF inoculum faces various challenges, limiting our ability to obtain and utilize these inocula on a broad scale. To address this, we designed a monolayer mesh cultivation system employing a hydroponic approach for propagating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, specifically Rhizophagus intraradices. We conducted a comparative analysis of quality and inoculation efficiency between the water culture inoculum (w-Ri) and traditional soil-based inoculum (s-Ri). Our findings revealed the following. (i) The propagation cycle of w-Ri inoculum is 35 days and only 23% of the 150-day cycle required for s-Ri inoculum. (ii) The spore density, viability, and purity of w-Ri inoculum are 5.25 times, 1.09 times, and 1.26 times higher, respectively, than those of s-Ri inoculum. (iii) The w-Ri inoculants demonstrate effects on enhancing rice biomass, root morphology, and photosynthesis that are consistent with those of the s-Ri inoculants, while requiring only 10% of the application rate of the s-Ri inoculants. These results provide crucial theoretical references for establishing a pure and efficient arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus propagation system and its promotion and application.