Influence of swelling on the safety aspects of electric vehicle batteries - Short Review

Abstract

In transportation sector, electric vehicles (EV) are found to offer more attentions due to its efficiency, pollution free, less maintenance over the conventional fuel-burnt vehicles. In EVs the cost, performance, and safety are all associated to its batteries. Among various types of batteries, lithium-ion battery (LIB) is predominantly used in EVs for its large energy density, long lifespan however safety of LIB is the daunting part. To overcome the catastrophic fault conditions of batteries different safety measures are employed in EVs. One of the accurate and viable methods to predict battery fault is observed to be the battery swelling effect. In the present work, various aspects of swelling effect on battery components for their safety measurements are discussed referring the very recent studies published in the literature. The key aspects of the work include physical and chemical properties; gas formation in battery under fault conditions; protective switch in order to improve and predict LIB safety.