Trained dogs can detect canine urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

Abstract

Dog have been trained to detect a variety of human cancers. However, studies examining their ability to find canine cancer are sparse and show variable results. Whilst dogs were shown to be successful at detecting malignant tumors from saliva samples, they were previously unsuccessful at finding canine urothelial carcinoma (UC) from urine. We used advanced training methods to explore if dogs can accurately detect urothelial carcinoma (UC) from canine urine.