Next-generation sequencing for diagnosis and tailored therapy: A case report of astrovirus- associated progressive encephalitis

Abstract

A boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia experienced progressive global motor decline, cerebellar syndrome, and epilepsy. All standard polymerase chain reactions for neurotropic viruses were negative on cerebrospinal fluid and brain biopsy. Next-generation sequencing allowed fast identification of a new astrovirus strain (HAstVVA1/ HMO-C-PA), which led to tailor the patient's treatment, with encouraging clinical monitoring over 1 year.