Transanal endoscopic surgery: patient selection and perspectives

Abstract

Transanal endoscopic surgery is a 30-year innovation, which has allowed surgeons to treat patients with benign and early malignant rectal tumors using a minimally invasive approach. Its use in colorectal surgery continues to expand and be of interest for surgeons practicing in the minimally invasive surgical era. This review provides an overview of transanal endoscopic surgery, focusing on its different platforms, learning curve, and specific indications for benign and malignant diseases of the rectum. It reviews patient selection, with a focus on patient-and tumor-specific characteristics involved in the selection process, preparation for surgery, complications, and outcomes. Lastly, it reviews novel uses for transanal endoscopic surgery and future prospects.