Pollution Free Dyeing on Cotton Fabric Extracted from Swietenia macrophylla and Musa Acuminata as Unpolluted Dyes and Citrus. Limon (L.) as Unpolluted Mordanting Agent

Abstract

Textile materials are colored for value addition, looks and fulfilling the desires of customers. Textile industries are highly concentrated to synthetic dyes due to having availability as well as desired shade maching capability, but synthetic dyes are highly polluting the environment which has become an alarming issue for the scientist concerns of textile and environment engineering. So, natural dyes can be a permanent replacement for the development of pollution free concepts of dyeing and finishing. Anciently, this purpose of coloring textile was initiated using natural source, until synthetic dyes were invented in 1856. Natural dyes are dyes or colorants that are derived from plants, animals, insects and minerals. Most of natural dyes are prepared from dye bearing plants leaves, stem, barks, seeds, flowers, roots etc. There are many trees in the Northeast Bangladesh, which can be used as the major sources of natural dyes. For example, Swietenia macrophylla, Diospyros malabarica, Musa acuminata etc. Natural dye has a great demand in the international market. Dyeing extracted from Swietenia macrophylla (Mahogany leaf) and Musa acuminata (Green banana pill) are not available in the brief study of literature review. Due to the current economic and environmental consciousness, research in this front should be titled towards the use of natural dyes for dyeing textile materials. Today, people around the globe are rediscovering color through the use of renewable and non-toxic natural sources. For successful commercial use of natural dyes for any particular fibers, the appropriate scientific standardized techniques/procedures are to be derived. Thus, relevant scientific studies and its output on standardization of dyeing methods, dyeing process variables, dyeing kinetics and test of compatibility of selective natural dyes and natural mordant have become very important. Lemon juice, Tamarind is also selected as the most important natural mordant to standardize the dyeing effect.