Gender-Based Violence (GBV), Femicide, and Transfemicide: Categories of Sociological Analysis Needed for the Materialization of Justice With a Gender Perspective After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

In the context of the global pandemic of COVID-19 and the quarantine decreed on March 24, 2020, in the Colombian territory as a reaction and way to suppress the health emergency, a second national alert arises: femicides. The magnitude of the femicides perpetuated and the fact that just one day after the presidential declaration of mandatory quarantine a triple femicide was committed in the city of Cartagena show that violence against women is another growing and socially rooted deadly emergency. Therefore, the research from which this text is derived seeks to incorporate a sociological analysis of femicides and transfemicides into the legal exercise, to understand the institutional difficulties, the gap between protection measures, and the complexity of patriarchal violence. This aims to strengthen institutional tools that materialize the framework of the rights of women and diverse people, based on the characterization and understanding of the conditions that surround the phenomenon of femicide as the maximum expression of patriarchal violence, observing doctrinal and normative studies, as well as jurisprudential references. Therefore, it is intended to contribute to the discussion by observing how institutions conceive and confront the phenomenon of femicide, to impact the protection mechanisms and the effectiveness of the administration of justice and to adequately face the current national alert for femicides.