Monitoring water in a hydrographic basin with different soil uses, in Rio Verde, Brazil

Abstract

The degradation of aquatic ecosystems caused by the bad administration of soil use and by human activity, is one of the most important ecological concerns due to a reduction of availability and quality of water resources. Current study characterizes the temporal and spatial variability of water quality and availability, coupled to soil use in the hydrographic basin of the Corrego do Sapo, municipality of Rio Verde GO Brazil. ESRI satellite image, Google Earth, was used to pinpoint the influence. Qualitative (chemical, physical and microbiological) and quantitative monitoring of water was done twice a month during 2016. The basin is characterized by 57.3% agriculture and impacts on the restriction in water use mainly derive from the urban area which corresponds to 20% of the influence area. Although there were good indexes of water quality and potential to irrigate up to 899 hectares, coliforms restrict water use in direct consumption cultures. Due to iron in the water, the installation of irrigation systems should be followed by filter systems for particle retention and, consequently, for the better use of the equipment. Hydric availability oscillates because of the absence of permanent preservation areas. Strategic and administrative planning of water resources in the hydrographic basin of the Córrego do Sapo should be implemented to recover and improve water quality and availability.