Copper and copper containing pesticide as copper oxychloride toxicity and its adverse effects on animal and human health

Abstract

Copper is a trace element and has a vital role in homeostasis but it has cumulative effects and may be hazardous to the animal, human, and environment. Copper is a vital trace element to all living as it participates in various metabolic processes and is controlled via complicated homeostatic mechanisms, but excess copper has a deleterious effect in organisms as it stimulates free radical production in the living cell, lipid peroxidation, and disturbs the whole-body antioxidant capacity. Although its beneficial effect, it has a hazardous effect on health as it has genotoxic, developmental toxicity, and hepatic toxicity in experimental animals