Bacteriological Profile of Wound Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of the Isolates

Abstract

Introduction: Wound infection is the one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and antibiotics resistant bacteria are the great part of complications on treatment of the infection. Objectives: The present study was conducted to isolate and identify the etiological agents of wound infection and assess the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates. Methods: The study was carried out on wound infection suspected patients visiting B and B Hospital for six months duration. The collected pus specimen were first observed macroscopically then streaked on MacConkey agar and blood agar, incubated at 370C for 24 hours. The isolated bacteria were identified by macroscopic and microscopic observations and biochemical reactions. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was assessed by Modified Kirby Baur disc diffusion technique. Results: A total of 503 pus samples were collected; of which 43.7% showed bacterial growth. Out of a total 220 bacterial isolates; 158 (71.82%) were Gram negative and 62 (28.18%) were Gram positive bacteria. Pseudomonas spp. (34.55%) was most common followed by Staphylococcus aureus (21.36%), Escherichia coli (11.82%), Acinetobacter baumannii (11.36%), Enterobacter aerogens (8.18%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) (5.45%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.55%), Citrobacter freundii (1.36%), Streptococcus spp. (0.91%) and Enterococcus spp. (0.46%). Most of Gram negative bacteria (63.9%) and Gram positive bacteria (93.5%) were susceptible to amikacin and chloramphenicol respectively. Among 220 isolates, 138 (62.73%) were found to be multi drug resistant (MDR). All the isolates of A. baumannii were isolated from in-patients and almost 96.4% (24/25) were MDR. Conclusion: In this study, significant number of MDR strains was found as the causative agent of wound infection. So, routine microbiological analysis of the wound specimen and their antibiotic susceptibility testing are recommended that will guide medical practitioners for empirical treatment of wound infection, so as to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria.