Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae in Water and Sediment of Padma River, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background and Objective: Intrusion of wide range of antibiotics through the pollutants in river water makes the bacteria resistance to some specific antibiotics over a short period of time. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine antibiotic resistant pattern of Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae in water and sediment of Padma river to commonly used antibiotics. Materials and Methods: Multiple tube fermentation technique (MPN) and spread plate technique were used to the enumeration of E. coli and V. cholerae from water and sediment samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by using Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results: About 47 Escherichia coli and 38 Vibrio cholerae isolates were collected from water and sediment. The E. coli isolates were found highly resistant to ampicillin in water and to ciprofloxacin in sediment samples. The V. cholerae isolates showed the highest resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin in water and sediment samples, respectively during summer season. During winter season, the highest resistance was obtained for ampicillin and for ciprofloxacin in water and sediment samples, respectively. The value of multiple antibiotic resistances (MAR) index crossed the high risk line at Site-2 (Padma garden) for both E. coli and V. choleare. Conclusion: It was concluded that the presence of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria in Padma river is a serious concern for health status of the people inhabiting along the river.