Optimasi Ekstraksi Daun Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) dengan Metode Maserasi, Ultrasonik, dan Sokletasi: Perbandingan Hasil dan Efisiensi

Abstract

Pandanus (Pandanus amaryllifolius) is a plant that has bioactive content that can provide antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of maceration, ultrasonic, and soxhletation methods in extracting bioactive compounds. The research was conducted experimentally, the samples were extracted by maceration, soxhletation, and ultrasonic for 1 hour using methanol solvent. The result of stock solution concentration of fragrant pandanus leaf extract obtained from maceration method was 0.49%; soxhletation method was 3%, and ultrasonic method was 3.90%. Fresh pandan leaves produced simplisia powder with a yield of 24.89%. This study compares the effectiveness of extracting secondary metabolite compounds using maceration, soxhletation, and ultrasonic methods. Maceration produced a dominant polar fraction with a concentration of 0.49% (m/v), ultrasonic produced an extract of 3.90% (m/v), and soxhletation 3% (m/v). The intense dark green color of the extract indicated the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and chlorophyll. All methods proved effective in extracting active compounds from pandan leaves.