LoRa-Based Smart Waste Bins Placement using Clustering Method in Rural Areas of Indonesia

Abstract

Rural residents have a low level of concern in disposing of waste. This research aimed to obtain an IoT-based method of placing smart waste bins in rural areas. This paper presents a clustering method from the position and distance of each household (LoRa node) to the IoT server point (LoRa gateway) for each available cluster in rural areas. First, determine the number of clusters. Secondly, take the geographic data of each household and measure the household's distance to the IoT server. Thirdly, determine the mean value of the distance of each cluster, and fourthly choosing a household for Smart waste bins placement with how to assess the similarity of the distance of the household’s point to the IoT server with the mean value of all the distances in the cluster. The closest similarity is obtained by squaring the value of the result of subtracting the mean by the distance from each household’s point to the IoT server, and choosing the smallest value available. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that obtained a method to determine the significance of placing smart waste bins based on IoT, especially for rural areas that use the LoRa network. This research has a Good enough cluster after calculating the DBI value. The obtained method has the prospect that can use it to place any object other than the waste bin, where the desired things are at their centroid.