Bommetc structural desgn and performance study of 3-prnted graded mnmal surface bone scaffolds wth enhanced boactvty

Abstract

Bone boncs and structural engneerng have played a vtal role n bone regeneraton, wth artfical scaffolds generatng wdespread nterest. However, the mechancal propertes and bone regeneraton potental of bommetc structures reman unclear. Heren, bodegradable polymer compostes based on poly(butylene adpate-coterephthalate)/poly(lactc acd) (PBAT/PLA) were 3-prnted nto lattce structures as tssue engneerng scaffolds. For structural desgn, graded damond () mnmal surfaces were proposed and desgned to mmc the natural bone structure. The graded topologes were realzed by desgnng gradent thckness ether radally from center to edge or vertcally from top to bottom. The mechancal performance of these graded samples dsplayed better load-carryng and energy absorpton capacty than the unform counterparts. No obvous damage was detected n the nternal mcrostructure of the compressed samples usng computed tomography. Subsequently, platelet-rch plasma (PRP), contanng dverse cytoknes, was loaded on the graded scaffolds. The PRP-loaded -scaffold reported mproved in vitro cell prolferaton and osteoblast dfferentaton. Fnally, femoral condyle defect repar results ndcated that the PRP-loaded -scaffold effectvely promoted early-stage bone regeneraton. Overall, ths work provdes nsghts nto fabrcatng artfical scaffolds wth boactve factors and bommetc lattce structures.