Evaluation of the potential modulator of bacterial resistance, acute toxicity and chemical composition of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl.

Abstract

In Brazil's semi arid region, Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. (Anacardiaceae) is used in traditional medicine, but little is known about its chemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties. In this study, the phytochemical and biological potential of the extract of S. brasiliensis (EESb) was evaluated. The main secondary metabolites in EESb were quantified by spectroscopy in the visible region. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract, of antibiotics alone and of antibiotics combined with the extract were determined using microdilution method, and the acute toxicity was determined by in vivo tests. In microbiological testing, the EESb showed good antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and, when combined with synthetic antibiotics, potentiated its activity by reducing the MIC values. In vivo studies showed low acute toxicity in rats treated with EESb. These results demonstrate the richness of the phenolic compounds in S. brasiliensis and its effectiveness as an antibacterial and in modulating activities of bacterial resistance. The probable low toxicity was also demonstrated.