Accuracy of the product of symphysio-fundal height and abdominal girth in prediction of birth weight among term pregnant women at Keffi, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: A reliable prediction of foetal birth weight aids in decision regarding time and mode of delivery. Aim: This study aimed to determine the accuracy of the product of symphysio-fundal height and abdominal girth in predicting birth weight among pregnant women in Keffi, Nigeria. Setting: The study involved pregnant women presenting for delivery at the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria from July to October 2017. Methods: One hundred and fifty-three pregnant women at term with singleton foetuses were recruited by systematic random sampling. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain their socio-demographic data, past medical and obstetric history. Symphysiofundal height and abdominal girth measurements were used to calculate the estimated foetal weight. This was compared with the actual birth weight. Absolute percentage error was used to determine the overall predictive error of Dare's formula. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 and 95% confidence level. Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.65 ± 5.15 years. The mean gestational age was 39.5 ± 1.2 weeks. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) between the estimated foetal weight and the actual birth weight. Ninety (66.2%) of the babies within normal weight and six (85.7%) of macrosomic babies were correctly predicted. None of the low birth weight babies was correctly predicted by the formula. Conclusion: Dare's formula accurately predicted normal weight and macrosomic babies, but less accurately predicted low birth weight babies.