Bioactivities of extracts and isolated compounds of Vachellia leucophloea (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger

Abstract

Vachellia leucophloea (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger is a tree that fits into the Fabaceae family. V. leucophloea has been applied to heal including bronchitis, diabetes, high cholesterol, leprosy, and snakebite. Phytochemicals including betulinic acid-3-O-β-d-maltoside; Δ7-avenasterol; leucophleol; leucophleoxol; and leucoxol; have been isolated from bark, root, and leaf of this plant species. This systematic review article purposes to evaluate, outline, and document the bioactivities associated with available researches involving V. leucophloea. PubMed, Semantic Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science electronic records were employed to find the applicable available works from 1900 to June 2021. So far, in vivo and in vitro scientific evidence is presently existing for several bioactivities. To date, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antihyperlipidemic, antipyretic, wound healing, antibacterial, antidementia, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiplatelet, and bronchorelaxant activities have been scientifically demonstrated for different parts of this plant species. Only an antidiabetic compound {(-)-Fisetinidol-(4α,8)-[(-)-fisetinidol-(4α,6)]-(+)-catechin} has been isolated from this plant species. Further in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of various traditional medicinal uses of V. leucophloea should be investigated as well as the bioactive compounds should be identified.