Effect of metabolic syndrome, associated with osteoporosis, on the prevalence and degree of severity of inflammatory periodontal diseases

Abstract

A cohort controlled observational clinical study was conducted involving 436 patients. The observation group included 359 patients with metabolic syndrome associated with osteoporosis, the comparison group included 77 patients with obesity without osteoporosis and diabetes. We evaluated the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), community periodontal index (CPI), papillary-marginal -alveolar index (PMA) and modified gingival sulcus bleeding index (mSBI). The number of teeth extracted, the presence of gingival recession, and the presence of signs of dysfunctional states of the maxillofacial region were recorded. The average OHI-S index was 2.6±0.4 in the observation group and 2.4±0.7 in the comparison group. In the observation group, sextants with codes «2» and «3» prevailed in the CPI index structure, sextants with codes «1» and «2» prevailed in the comparison group. The PMA index in the observation group was 64.3±5.2 %, and in the comparison group - 40.1±3.5 %. The average value of the bleeding index mSBI in the observation group was 2.4±0.21, in the comparison group - 1.8±0.7. The average number of teeth extracted per person in the observation group was 7.7±0.5, and in the comparison group - 4.2±0.3 (p<0.05), signs of dysfunctional states of the maxillofacial area were detected in 40,1 % of patients in the observation group and 29.9 % of patients in the comparison group. Patients with metabolic syndrome associated with osteoporosis have a more severe course of inflammatory periodontal diseases, which leads to loss of teeth and the development of dysfunctional conditions of the maxillofacial region.